What do columns typically support?

Columns are structural elements designed to support and transfer loads vertically from the roof or upper floors down to the foundation. They serve as crucial components within a building's framework, often holding up heavier elements such as girders. Girders are horizontal structural beams that span large distances and support the joists, which in turn support the floor or ceiling.

While it is true that columns may interact with footers, walls, and joists, their primary function is to support girders, which are essential for distributing the roof and floor loads to the foundation. This hierarchical structure is a fundamental aspect of building design, as it ensures that weight is distributed evenly and that the building remains stable and secure.